BACH-2

Now do these exercises from the workbook:

B

1. Have you heard the news? We are moving house.

2. I hardly recognised Tim. I hadn’t seen him for such a long time.

3. They had eaten before they left, so they weren’t hungry when

they arrived.

4. Who has taken my bike? It isn´t here.

5. I would like to visit Jenny today. She has not been well recently.

6. His marks in the exams have surprised me.

7. When we got to the station, we saw that the train had left.

8. Fortunately, we had not gone far when we realised that we had forgotten our plane tickets.

C

1. Andy has been waiting for a long time.

2. Karen has been living in London since 1997.

3. Sue has been studying for hours.

4. Bill has been working in the kitchen all day.

D

1. Anna is really tired / She has been working since 6 p.m.

2. Scientists still have not found a cure for AIDS. / They have been doing research for years.

3. Melanie is tired of her present job../ She has been looking for a new one for a while.

4. The Serranos stopped going to Portugal for their holidays last year. / They had been going there since 1979.

5. Karen found a new job last week. / She had been looking for one for ages.

.................................................................................................................................................................................

6. The Solers love France.They have been going there for years.

7. The doctors were happy when they discovered the cause of the disease. They had been carrying out their research since 1980.

8. Emma was exhausted. She had been working all morning.

E

1. Margaret is an experienced driver because she has been driving since she was a teenager.

2. There was water on the ground yesterday because it had been raining all week.

3. When I arrived, Andy had been waiting for a long time.

4. I am tired because I have been jogging for the last half hour.

5. Her eyes hurt her because she had been reading without her glasses.
    Her eyes hurt her because she has been reading without her glasses.

        Remember:  hurt  -  hurt  -  hurt

6. Cathy’s hair was wet because she had been swimming.

7. The kitchen was a mess because the children had been cooking for hours.

F

Two years ago, Bill and Mary Blyth left their jobs. They had been thinking about leaving for a long time because they were very unhappy with their work. The Blyths bought a caravan and have been travelling around Europe for the past year. They have already visited Portugal, Spain, France and Germany. At the moment they are driving through Switzerland.

Mary loves Switzerland. "It is so beautiful here," she said. "Yesterday it snowed as we were driving through the mountains, and everything looked so white, just like on a Christmas card". Bill doesn't like Switzerland as much as Mary. "I prefer hot weather, so next summer we will spend some time in the north of Greece and then we will cross the border into Turkey."

"Are you enjoying yourselves?" I enquired.

"Definitely!" they replied. "We haven't been so happy for years.

Answers:

1 1. b

2. a

3.a

2 It offers peace and privacy.

3 a) take a trip b) approximately c) aristocratic d) consists of e) acquiring

4 a) I have never seen such a nice house.

b) I have been waiting for three hours.

5 You can send your composition on e-mail to your teacher if you want it to be corrected!

China Southern - one of Chinas many airlines

1. "Have you ever been to China before?"

2. "What is the purpose of your visit?"

3. "Which areas do you intend to travel to?"

4. "Have you already booked hotel rooms?"

5. "Why are you travelling with so much luggage?"

6. "What exactly is in your begs?"

7. "Have you got anything to declare?"

8. "Are you bringing alcohol or tobacco into the country’"

9. "Does everything in the bags belong to you?"

10. "Has anyone asked you to take something into China for them?"

"Did anyone ask you to take something into China for them?"

REMEMBER:  Both Present Perfect and Past Simple

                        change to Past Perfect in Reported Speech !

1. The journalist asked Paul if he was/were a techno music fan.

2. Debbie asked why we wanted to leave so soon.

3. Mrs Muñoz asked how long the flight would take.

4. My friend asked me if I had managed to finish my homework.

5. Sandra asked why I had called her.

6. Jenny asked if I would help her with the exercises.

7. He wanted to know if I knew when Jane’s birthday was.

8. David wanted to know what time the concert began.

A

1. YES Yes, they are. The tenses follow exactly the same rules as in reported statements.

2. IF / WHETHER You can add either if or whether to report a yes/no question.

"Do you know the name of a Turkish DJ?"

The teacher asked us if we knew the name of a Turkish DJ.

The teacher asked us whether we knew the name of a Turkish DJ.

3. NO As it is no longer a question, it uses the word order of statements and has a full stop at the end.

4. Example 4 "Do you know what time it is?" Andy asked.

                                           What time is it?

1. " I am leaving early."

2. " I have always wanted to buy this disc."

3. " We will not go to the party."

4. " I have been living in Madrid for several years."

5. " Let’s go on holiday together next week."

6. " The festival took place two years ago."

7. " I rarely listen to music."

8. " Come to my graduation."

"Come to my graduation, please!"

1.   John mentioned that he didn't like the bands that were playing there.

2.   Peter said that techno music had become very popular.

3.    Mark begged me to help him with that problem.

4.   Jackie offered to go to the concert with me the following year.

5.   Alex apologised for missing the party.

    After a preposition, the verb comes in GERUND !

6.   The boys insisted that they had really been enjoying themselves.

A

The tenses change as follows:

Direct Speech Reported Speech

1. Present Simple .................................. Past Simple

2. Present Continuous ............................ Past Continuous

3. Past Simple ....................................... Past Perfect

4. Past Continuous ................................. Past Perfect Continuous

5. Future ( WILL + verb) ........................ Future Past (WOULD + verb)

6. Future (BE + going to + verb) ............. Future Past ( BE + going to + verb)

[*present forms] [* past forms]

7. Present Perfect Simple ............... Past Perfect Simple

8. Present Perfect Continuous .......... Past Perfect Continuous

9. Past Perfect Simple .................... Past Perfect Simple

10. Suggestions (Let’s) ................. suggested ( that) + pronoun + verb

suggested + gerund

11. Command (Imperative) ........... Infinitive

12. Negative command ............. not + infinitive

13. Apology .......................... apologised + for + gerund

Remeber other changes:

tomorrow  .......................................   the next day / the following day

yesterday      .................................   the day before / the previous day

next week / next year   ...................   the following week / the following year

(two yeras) ago  ............................   (two years) before

here  ............................................    there

this   ...........................................     that

these   .......................................       those

Look at the solutions and correct your exercises.

You can find the rest of the exercises if you "click" on Temas Unit 3, pages 30-31