BACH-2

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Reading:

1. fact 2. opinion 3. opinion 4. fact

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Understanding the Text:

A 1.c (fact)

2.b (opinion)

B 1 False -

* ..... they would be able to identify chromosomes that

cause specific illnessess and prevent them in the future.

(lines 21 - 25)

2 False -

* ...... it’s too late to help me. (line 59)

C ?????????????

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Think for Yourself

A Oscar is correct.

B Possible answers:

1. It will help scientists to identify the chromosomes that cause specific diseases.

This will help them to stop these diseases in the future.

2. Old people will be healthier and more active.

3. She is already too old to benefit from the research that is being done.

C Possible answers:

1. The result could be the ability to "grow" new organs and body parts.

2. The two arguments the sceptics give are that if we prevent one disease,

another will take its place

and that other factors will also have to be taken into consideration.

3. If our life expectancy is increased, there might be fewer jobs for young adults.

Also, the consumer, leisure and tourist industries will be affected.

Words at Work

A 1. lies in

2. point out

3. elderly

4. retire

5. life-span

6. researcher

7. poverty

B 1. carrying out

2. breakthrough

3. reserach

4. life-span

5. retire

6. far-reaching

7. leisure

8. poverty

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Gerunds and Infinitives

A Verb + infinitive Verb + gerund Both

decide avoid begin

manage dislike continue

prepare finish hate

promise keep like

refuse suggest love

need plan

prefer

start

can’t stand

B 1. doing

2. to retire

3. studying

4. to work

5. to help

6. to eliminate

7. having / to have

8. living / to live

C 1b 2a 3d 4c 5f 6e 7h 8g

Conditionals

A

1. If we knew how to prevent disease, people would live much longer.

2. If the research is successful, laboratories will produce new organs.

Unless we eradicate poverty, there will always be diseases.

As long as he remains active, he will be healthy.

/ Providing that he remains active, he will be healthy.

3. If the experiment had succeeded, there would have been tremendous consequences.

4. If = as long as / providing that

If not = unless

5. a. If the research is successful, laboratories will produce new organs.

Unless we eradicate poverty, there will always be diseases.

As long as (/Provided that) he remains active, he will be healthy.

b. If we knew how to prevent diseases, people would live much longer.

c. If the experiment had succeeded, there would have been tremendous consequences.

6. Conditional             Condition                                 Result

First Conditional         If + present simple,             future simple with WILL

Second Conditional     If + past simple,                 would + base form of verb

Third Conditional         If + past perfect,                 would have + past participle

B

1d   2h   3g   4f   5a   6c   7b   8e

C

1. were, would stop   -  Second Conditional

                                  refers to aimaginary situation in present.

2. will miss, hurries   -   First Conditional

                                  refers to something possible in the future

3. would be, drove   -   Second Conditional

4. would have finished  -  Third Conditional

                                     refers to impossible situation in the past

5. hadn't gone, wouldn't have caught  - Third Conditional

6. were, would play      - Second Conditional

    had been, would have played    - Third Conditional

7. pass, will treat    -    First Conditional

8. works, will support   - First Conditional

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Wish Clauses               

1. I wish they wouldn't make such a noise.

    If only they wouldn't make such a noise.

2. I wish I knew the answer.

    If only I knew the answer.

3. I wish they would find a cure for cancer.

    If only they would find a cure for cancer.

4. I wish I had heard the news last night.

    If only I had herad the news last night.

5. a) Past Simple

    b) Past Perfect

    c) would + verb

    d) would not + verb

B 1. had listened

    2. would discover

    3.were

    4. hadn't told

    5. would go

    6. had known

    7. would speak

    8. knew

C 1. had won

    2. would end

    3. knew

    4. hadn't agreed

    5. would rain

    6. lived

    7. had been

D

1  a.    He wishes he were taller

    b.    "If only I were taller."       

2  a.    She wishes she had driven more carefully.

    b.    "If only I had driven more carefully."

3  a.    His parents wish he would study for his exams.

    b.    "If only he would study for his exams."

4  a.    They wish they had reserved a table.

    b.    "If only we had reserved a table." 

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